'Pes planus' describes a foot where the inner arch of the foot has completely disappeared, and thus makes contact with the ground. It is usually a congenital, sometimes hereditary, condition that can lead to pain and fatigue. However, it can also be an acquired progressive condition. It is therefore important to contextualise the problem according to age.
In children
Flat feet in children (between the ages of 2 and 5 years) is often a rather common, and in many cases normal, sagging of the foot arch. Generally, there is a spontaneous and natural recovery of the foot arch after that age. Specific treatment is not usually required after an initial orthopaedic evaluation.
In adults
In adults, flat feet can become problematic. Increasing pressure on the inner part of the foot places abnormal pressure on certain structures along the foot arch. The elements that support the foot arch, several metatarsal bones and the tendons, lose their strength. The joints between the bones sometimes show painful inflammation and begin to show signs of osteoarthritis; the tendon structures also cause pain, inflammation, swelling and discomfort.
Your doctor will discuss the treatment options with you.
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